Aromatic amines represent one of the most extensively studied classes of organic compounds due to the valuable polymeric products they form and their exceptional properties. This review provides an overview of their synthesis, principal properties, a broad range of applications, and some limitations.

Aniline and its derivatives are regarded as promising candidates for intrinsically conductive polymers (CPs), which can be employed as electroactive materials in electronics, energy storage, sensors, smart textiles, and biomedical technologies. Owing to their conjugated structures, tunable redox chemistry, and excellent environmental stability, aromatic-amine-based polymers-particularly polyaniline and its derivatives-remain among the most versatile materials in the field of synthetic metals. Their lightweight nature, chemical robustness, processability, and mechanical flexibility, combined with the ability to modulate electrical conductivity through protonic or oxidative doping, enable these materials to serve as potential alternatives to conventional metals and semiconductors.

This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis, doping mechanisms, and structure–property relationships of aromatic-amine-based conductive aromatic polymers. Special attention is given to established synthetic routes, including chemical and electrochemical oxidative polymerization, interfacial and template-assisted methods, plasma and photochemical techniques, and emerging green synthesis strategies. This article aims to support the continued development of next-generation functional materials for advanced technological applications.